精神分裂怎样治疗

精神分裂如何治疗配图，仅供参考

Current Treatment Options
Treatment of schizophrenia is complex and involves medications and inpatient,outpatient and community mental health services such as psychoeducation (helping people understand the illness),family therapy,and social/vocational interventions which aim to facilitate social interactions and coach practical applications of skills learned. –
Antipsychotic drugs are the primary treatment and are effective in reducing symptoms and preventing relapses. In the acute phase of schizophrenia,the goal of pharmacotherapy (generally up to 8 weeks from the beginning of a psychotic episode) is to reduce the severity of psychotic thoughts and behaviours. Most people who will improve with medication will see the most rapid improvement within the first 2 weeks.
People who recover from an acute psychotic episode tend to reach a stabilizing or maintenance phase where psychotic thoughts and behaviours are more controlled. The aim of treatment in the maintenance phase is to minimize symptoms and functional impairments,avoid relapses,and promote recovery. However,a substantial proportion of people with schizophrenia—up to 40%—respond poorly to antipsychotic drugs and continue to experience moderate to severe psychotic symptoms. This may happen,in part,because many people find it hard to stay on antipsychotic drugs long term due to their challenging side effects.
Antipsychotic drugs tend to be grouped into two categories—first-generation (e.g.,haloperidol,chlorpromazine) and second-generation (SGAs,e.g.,risperidone,quetiapine,olanzapine,aripiprazole)—although broadly grouping them this way has been challenged. Second-generation antipsychotics are often recommended by clinical guidelines because,compared to the first-generation antipsychotics,they are associated with lower intensities of intolerable side effects such as sedation or extrapyramidal symptoms (uncomfortable tremors,spasms,and stiffness,similar to Parkinson disease). However,some SGAs (e.g.,olanzapine) are associated with high risk of weight gain and metabolic syndrome,potentially leading to severe complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. –,–
Other drugs such as anticonvulsants,mood stabilisers,anticholinergics,antidepressants,and benzodiazepines are sometimes used in combination with antipsychotic drugs to help people with schizophrenia better achieve treatment goals.","department":"