蛇胆疮怎样治疗

蛇胆疮如何治疗配图，仅供参考

TREATMENT OF ACUTE HZ
The goal of treatment during the acute episode is to control symptoms and prevent complications. Treatment options include antiviral therapy,corticosteroids,and pain medications.
# Antivirals
Acyclovir,famciclovir,and valacyclovir are nucleoside analogues that inhibit replication of human herpes viruses,including VZV. When taken orally,these agents reduce the duration of viral shedding,hasten rash healing,reduce the severity and duration of acute pain,and reduce the risk of progression to PHN.,Because antivirals are safe and well tolerated,they should be considered for all patients with HZ. Antiviral treatment is specifically recommended for patients older than 50 years,those who have moderate or severe pain or rash,and those with involvement of nontruncal dermatomes (eg,the face). In clinical trials,treatment has been initiated within 72 hours of rash onset,an arbitrarily selected time point. Such a rapid initiation of treatment is often not feasible in clinical practice. Although the benefits of treatment
that is begun later have not been studied,antiviral treatment should be considered even in patients who present more than 72 hours after rash onset,particularly in the presence of new vesicle formation or complications. Valacyclovir and famciclovir are generally more convenient for outpatient treatment because they are more bioavailable and hence require less frequent dosing than acyclovir ). Immunocompromised patients are at greater risk of complications and may require intravenous antiviral therapy.
# TABLE 1.
Treatment of Acute Herpes Zostera
[![An external file that holds a picture,illustration,etc.
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# Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids do not have any effect on PHN. In combination with antiviral therapy,they modestly reduce the severity and duration of acute symptoms.,Corticosteroids are associated with a considerable number of adverse effects and hence should be used only in patients with severe symptoms at presentation or in whom no major contraindications to corticosteroids exist.
# Analgesics
Acute pain will be reduced by antiviral drugs,but patients will generally also require analgesics. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are usually ineffective,and opioids may be required. All the agents discussed for PHN (see Postherpetic Neuralgia) can also be used for pain associated with acute HZ.","department":"